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Do You Understand the Classification and Functions of Air Waybills in Air Freight Forwarding?

Air waybill is a freight document issued by the air carrier or its agent. It is a receipt for the carrier to receive goods and also a transportation contract between the consignor and the carrier, but it does not have the nature of a property right certificate, so the air waybill is also not transferable.


Classification of air cargo logistics waybills


Classification according to whether there is the name of the carrier


  • Airline waybill


An air waybill with the name and logo (emblem, code, etc.) of the issuing airline printed on it. This type of air waybill represents the identity of the issuing airline.


  • Neutral waybill


A freight document that does not have any carrier's name or logo printed on it in advance. This type of air waybill does not represent any air cargo logistics company and is a neutral waybill.


Classification according to different functions


  • Air main waybill


An air waybill issued by an air transport company is called a main waybill.


  • Air sub-waybill


A waybill issued by an air cargo logistics agent to each shipper when handling centralized consignment business.


Nature and function of air cargo logistics waybills


An air waybill is very different from a shipping bill of lading, but similar to an international railway bill of lading. It is an important freight transport document issued by the carrier or its agent, and it is a transportation contract between the contracting parties, which is binding on both parties. An air waybill is not transferable, and holding an air waybill does not prove ownership of the cargo.


An air waybill is a transportation contract between the shipper and the air carrier


Unlike a shipping bill of lading, an air waybill not only proves the existence of an air transport contract, but the air waybill itself is a cargo transport contract concluded between the shipper and the air transport carrier, which takes effect after both parties sign it jointly, and becomes invalid after the goods are delivered to the consignee recorded on the waybill upon arrival at the destination.


An air waybill is proof that the carrier has received the goods


The air waybill is also a receipt for the goods. After the shipper has shipped the goods, the carrier or its agent will provide one copy to the shipper (i.e. the shipper's copy) as proof of receipt of the goods. Unless otherwise specified, it is evidence that the carrier has received the goods and loaded them in good condition.


An air waybill is a bill for the carrier to collect freight charges


The air waybill lists the charges borne by the consignee, the charges to be paid to the carrier, and the charges to be paid to the agent, and details the types and amounts of the charges, so it can serve as a freight charge bill and invoice. The carrier often uses the carrier's copy as a voucher for bookkeeping.


An air waybill is one of the customs declaration documents


When exporting, the air waybill is one of the customs declaration documents. When importing goods arrive at the destination airport, the air waybill is usually the basic document inspected and released by the customs.


An air waybill can also serve as an insurance certificate


If the carrier undertakes insurance or the shipper requires the carrier to handle insurance, the air waybill can also be used as an insurance certificate.


An air waybill is the basis for the carrier's internal business


Air cargo logistics waybills accompany the goods and prove the identity of the goods. The waybill records the matters related to the sending, transshipment, and delivery of the goods, and the carrier will make corresponding arrangements for the transportation of the goods based on it.


An air waybill has three originals, each of which has terms and conditions on the back. One copy is given to the shipper as the carrier's or its agent's basis for receiving the goods; the second copy is retained by the carrier as a voucher for bookkeeping; and the last copy accompanies the goods and serves as a basis for the consignee to receive the goods upon arrival at the destination.

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